As the "heart" of modern electronic devices and electric vehicles, the efficient operation of lithium-ionbatteries is inseparable from the sophisticated internal four-layer structure design. 1. Positive electrode: the "source" of energy Most of the cathode materials are lithium metal oxides (such as LiCoO2, LiFePO, NMC), which directly affect the voltage and endurance of the battery. For example, lithium cobalt oxide has a high energy density, while lithium iron phosphate is known for its safety and long life. 2. Negative electrode: "temporary storage" for lithium ions Graphite is the mainstream anode material, which adsorbs lithium ions through a layered structure. Although the emerging silicon-based materials have a higher capacity (10 times the theoretical value), they need to solve the problem of charge-discharge expansion. 3. Electrolyte: the "transport channel" of ions It is composed of lithium salt + organic solvent Acts as a lithium-ion round-trip plus or minus Pole of the "highway". Its stability is directly related to battery safety, and high temperature or short circuit is easy to cause risks. 4. Diaphragm: the "goalkeeper" of security Porous films (e.g. PE/PP) with a thickness of only 20 microns block the positive and negative electrodes to prevent short circuits, and the micropores allow ions to shuttle freely, and can also be closed at high temperatures.
